To read a tree from a file written in the plain text version of Inter.

• §1. Reading textual inter
• §4. Utility functions for parsing construct lines
• §7. Forward references
• §8. Writing textual inter
• §10. Utility functions for writing construct lines
• §11. Notation for text literals
• §12. Notation for value pairs
• §13. Bracketed type markers

§1. Reading textual inter. The test group :syntax of Inter test cases may be useful in checking the code below. Anyway, here we import the content of the file F into the tree I.

void TextualInter::read(inter_tree *I, filename *F) {
    LOGIF(INTER_FILE_READ, "Reading textual inter file %f\n", F);
    InterInstruction::suspend_cross_referencing(I);
    irl_state irl;
    irl.no_blank_lines_stacked = 0;
    inter_bookmark IBM = InterBookmark::at_start_of_this_repository(I);
    irl.write_pos = &IBM;
    TextFiles::read(F, FALSE, "can't open inter file", FALSE,
        TextualInter::read_line, 0, &irl);
    TextualInter::resolve_forward_references(I);
    Primitives::index_primitives_in_tree(I);
    InterInstruction::resume_cross_referencing(I);
    InterInstruction::tree_lint(I);
}

§2. This fussy little mechanism passes each line of the text file to TextualInter::parse_single_line, except that it omits any run of blank lines at the end. (Most text files technically have one blank line at the end without anyone realising it.) By blank, we mean completely devoid of characters: a line containing spaces or tabs is not blank in this sense.

typedef struct irl_state {
    int no_blank_lines_stacked;
    struct inter_bookmark *write_pos;
} irl_state;

void TextualInter::read_line?Usage of TextualInter::read_line:
§1(text_stream *line, text_file_position *tfp, void *state) {
    irl_state *irl = (irl_state *) state;
    inter_error_location eloc = InterErrors::file_location(line, tfp);
    if (Str::len(line) == 0) { irl->no_blank_lines_stacked++; return; }
    for (int i=0; i<irl->no_blank_lines_stacked; i++) {
        inter_error_location b_eloc = InterErrors::file_location(I"", tfp);
        inter_error_message *E =
            TextualInter::parse_single_line(Str::new(), &b_eloc, irl->write_pos);
        if (E) InterErrors::issue(E);
    }
    irl->no_blank_lines_stacked = 0;
    inter_error_message *E =
        TextualInter::parse_single_line(line, &eloc, irl->write_pos);
    if (E) InterErrors::issue(E);
}

• The structure irl_state is private to this section.

§3. The following is called not only by the above but also when creating primitives. See Inter Primitives (in building).

typedef struct inter_line_parse {
    struct text_stream *line;
    struct match_results mr;
    struct inter_annotation_set set;
    int indent_level;
} inter_line_parse;

inter_error_message *TextualInter::parse_single_line?Usage of TextualInter::parse_single_line:
§2(text_stream *line,
    inter_error_location *eloc, inter_bookmark *write_pos) {
    inter_line_parse ilp;
    ilp.line = line;
    ilp.mr = Regexp::create_mr();
    ilp.set = SymbolAnnotation::new_annotation_set();
    ilp.indent_level = 0;
    Find indentation3.1;
    If the indentation is now lower than expected, move the write position up the tree3.2;
    Parse any annotations at the end of the line3.3;
    return InterInstruction::match(&ilp, eloc, write_pos);
}

• The structure inter_line_parse is accessed in 3/ic, 4/tcc, 4/tcc2, 4/tic, 4/tic2, 4/toc, 4/tpc, 4/tpc2, 4/tpc3, 4/tpc4, 4/tpc5, 4/tpc6, 4/tpc7, 4/tpc8, 4/ttc, 4/tvc, 5/tac, 5/tcc, 5/tcc2, 5/tec, 5/tic, 5/tlc, 5/tlc2, 5/tlc3, 5/trc, 5/trc2, 5/tsc, 5/tvc, 6/tpc, 6/tsc, 6/tvc and here.

§3.1. We are a bit aggressive in requiring the Python-style indentation at the start of each line to be made of tabs, not spaces. If we intended textual Inter to be a programming language for humans to use, we might be more accommodating. But it's really an interchange format for programs to use.

A blank line is treated as a comment, so we rewrite it with the explicit # notation. If it is printed back, it will actually be printed back as empty anyway — see CommentInstruction::write. So nobody will ever know our little deception.

Find indentation3.1 =

    LOOP_THROUGH_TEXT(P, ilp.line) {
        inchar32_t c = Str::get(P);
        if (c == '\t') ilp.indent_level++;
        else if (c == ' ') return InterErrors::plain(
            I"spaces (rather than tabs) at beginning of line", eloc);
        else break;
    }
    Str::trim_white_space(ilp.line);
    if (Str::len(ilp.line) == 0) PUT_TO(ilp.line, '#');

• This code is used in §3.

§3.2. So suppose the write position is in a package where the contents are at level 7 in the tree hierarchy, but we seem to be reading a line with indentation 5, and which therefore wants to put an instruction in at level 5. This means it is intended not for the current package but for the parent of the parent of that package, so we take two steps upwards in the tree.

After doing all this, then, the write position is in the correct package for where the node is asking to go. (And if the indentation was 0, that will be the root package of the tree.)

If the indentation is now lower than expected, move the write position up the tree3.2 =

    while ((InterBookmark::package(write_pos)) &&
        (InterPackage::is_a_root_package(InterBookmark::package(write_pos)) == FALSE) &&
        (ilp.indent_level <= InterBookmark::baseline(write_pos)))
        InterBookmark::move_into_package(write_pos,
            InterPackage::parent(InterBookmark::package(write_pos)));

• This code is used in §3.

§3.3. A line ending, e.g., ... _bar _foo=2 has those annotations parsed and trimmed away. The result of the parsing goes into the annotation set ilp.set. Note that we do nothing with that result here — it will be up to the CONSTRUCT_READ_MTID method for the construct used on the line to make use of the set, or not, as it pleases.

Parse any annotations at the end of the line3.3 =

    int quoted = FALSE, cutoff = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < Str::len(ilp.line); i++) {
        inchar32_t c = Str::get_at(ilp.line, i);
        if (c == '"') quoted = quoted?FALSE:TRUE;
        else if (c == '\\') i++;
        else if ((quoted == FALSE) && (i > 0) &&
            (Characters::is_whitespace(Str::get_at(ilp.line, i-1))) &&
            (c == '_') && (Str::get_at(ilp.line, i+1) == '_')) {
            if (cutoff == -1) cutoff = i-1;
            TEMPORARY_TEXT(annot)
            while ((i < Str::len(ilp.line)) &&
                ((quoted) ||
                    (Characters::is_whitespace(Str::get_at(ilp.line, i)) == FALSE))) {
                c = Str::get_at(ilp.line, i);
                if ((c == '"') && (Str::get_at(ilp.line, i-1) != '\\'))
                    quoted = quoted?FALSE:TRUE;
                PUT_TO(annot, c);
                i++;
            }
            inter_error_message *E = NULL;
            inter_annotation IA = SymbolAnnotation::read_annotation(
                InterBookmark::tree(write_pos), annot, eloc, &E);
            if (E) return E;
            SymbolAnnotation::write_to_set(IA.annot->iatype, &(ilp.set), IA);
            DISCARD_TEXT(annot)
        }
    }
    if (cutoff >= 0) Str::put_at(ilp.line, cutoff, 0);

• This code is used in §3.

§4. Utility functions for parsing construct lines. First, the following tries to make a symbol with a given name in the given scope; the name must currently be free, or an error is generated.

inter_symbol *TextualInter::new_symbol?Usage of TextualInter::new_symbol:
The Constant Construct - §6.1
The Instance Construct - §4.2
The Origin Construct - §4
The Package Construct - §4
The PackageType Construct - §3
The Primitive Construct - §4
The Property Construct - §4
The Typename Construct - §4
The Variable Construct - §4
The Lab Construct - §4
The Label Construct - §4
The Local Construct - §4
The Plug Construct - §2
The Socket Construct - §2(inter_error_location *eloc, inter_symbols_table *T,
    text_stream *name, inter_error_message **E) {
    *E = NULL;
    inter_symbol *S = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name(T, name);
    if (S) {
        if (InterSymbol::misc_but_undefined(S)) return S;
        *E = InterErrors::quoted(I"symbol already exists", name, eloc);
        return NULL;
    }
    return InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name_creating(T, name);
}

§5. Second, this attempts to match a name against a symbol in the scope local to the bookmark IBM. If it exists, we return it, though if construct is non-zero then we first check if it is defined by an instruction of that type. (This enables us to tell if it's, e.g., a variable, defined by VARIABLE_IST instruction.)

inter_symbol *TextualInter::find_symbol?Usage of TextualInter::find_symbol:
The Permission Construct - §4
The PropertyValue Construct - §4
The Typename Construct - §4
The Inv Construct - §7.3
The Val Construct - §4(inter_bookmark *IBM, inter_error_location *eloc,
    text_stream *name, inter_ti construct, inter_error_message **E) {
    return TextualInter::find_symbol_in_table(InterBookmark::scope(IBM), eloc, name, construct, E);
}
inter_symbol *TextualInter::find_symbol_in_table?Usage of TextualInter::find_symbol_in_table:
Inter Data Types - §17.12(inter_symbols_table *T, inter_error_location *eloc,
    text_stream *name, inter_ti construct, inter_error_message **E) {
    *E = NULL;
    inter_symbol *S = NULL;
    if (Str::get_first_char(name) == '/')
        Search using URL conventions5.1
    else
        S = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name(T, name);
    if (S == NULL) {
        *E = InterErrors::quoted(I"no such symbol", name, eloc); return NULL;
    }
    if (construct != 0) Check that it is defined by the correct construct5.2;
    return S;
}

§5.1. Using a URL allows an instruction to refer to a symbol in another package. If this has already been created, all well and good, but it may be a forward reference, or even a reference to something in another tree which is to be linked in later on. So if we see a URL which does not (yet) exist, we wire a plug to it. For example, given /some/enchanted/evening, we make a local symbol evening ~~> "/some/enchanted/evening". This is then fixed up when we resolve forward references at the end of the parsing process — see below.

Search using URL conventions5.1 =

    S = InterSymbolsTable::URL_to_symbol(InterPackage::tree(InterSymbolsTable::package(T)), name);
    if (S == NULL) {
        TEMPORARY_TEXT(leaf)
        LOOP_THROUGH_TEXT(pos, name) {
            inchar32_t c = Str::get(pos);
            if (c == '/') Str::clear(leaf);
            else PUT_TO(leaf, c);
        }
        if (Str::len(leaf) == 0) {
            *E = InterErrors::quoted(I"URL ends in '/'", name, eloc);
            return NULL;
        }
        S = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name(T, leaf);
        if (!((S) && (Wiring::is_wired_to_name(S)) &&
                (Str::eq(Wiring::wired_to_name(S), name)))) {
            S = InterSymbolsTable::create_with_unique_name(T, leaf);
            Wiring::wire_to_name(S, name);
        }
        DISCARD_TEXT(leaf)
        return S;
    }

• This code is used in §5.

§5.2. This check is not foolproof. In particular, it is fooled by forward references. But it really doesn't need to catch every possible error; this is Inter, not Inform.

Check that it is defined by the correct construct5.2 =

    if (InterSymbol::defined_elsewhere(S)) return S;
    if (InterSymbol::misc_but_undefined(S)) return S;
    inter_tree_node *D = InterSymbol::definition(S);
    if ((D) && (Inode::isnt(D, construct))) {
        text_stream *err = Str::new();
        WRITE_TO(err, "symbol has type %d not %d: ", Inode::get_construct_ID(D), construct);
        InterSymbolsTable::write_symbol_URL(err, S);
        *E = InterErrors::quoted(err, name, eloc); return NULL;
    }

• This code is used in §5, §6.

§6. This simpler version checks the global symbols for the tree, rather than the local package, and does not allow URL references. (Of course they could only consist of the same name with a single slash in front anyway, so this is no loss.) Here they cannot be forward references to symbols not yet created.

inter_symbol *TextualInter::find_global_symbol(inter_bookmark *IBM, inter_error_location *eloc,
    text_stream *name, inter_ti construct, inter_error_message **E) {
    inter_tree *I = InterBookmark::tree(IBM);
    inter_symbols_table *T = InterTree::global_scope(I);
    *E = NULL;
    inter_symbol *S = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name(T, name);
    if (S == NULL) {
        *E = InterErrors::quoted(I"no such symbol", name, eloc); return NULL;
    }
    if (construct != 0) Check that it is defined by the correct construct5.2;
    return S;
}

§7. Forward references. Because of the way we temporarily wire symbols to URLs when their references cannot be resolved, the above process leaves us with a tree in which those symbols are still left dangling. This is where we fix things:

void TextualInter::resolve_forward_references?Usage of TextualInter::resolve_forward_references:
§1(inter_tree *I) {
    inter_error_location eloc = InterErrors::file_location(NULL, NULL);
    InterTree::traverse(I, TextualInter::rfr_visitor, &eloc, NULL, PACKAGE_IST);
}

void TextualInter::rfr_visitor(inter_tree *I, inter_tree_node *P, void *state) {
    inter_error_location *eloc = (inter_error_location *) state;
    inter_package *pack = PackageInstruction::at_this_head(P);
    if (pack == NULL) internal_error("no package defined here");
    inter_symbols_table *T = InterPackage::scope(pack);
    if (T == NULL) internal_error("package with no symbols");
    for (int i=0; i<T->symbol_array_size; i++) {
        inter_symbol *S = T->symbol_array[i];
        if (Wiring::is_wired_to_name(S)) {
            if (InterSymbol::is_plug(S)) continue;
            This is a forward reference wiring7.1;
        }
    }
}

§7.1. The unexpected case here is where our unresolved symbol S is itself a socket, having been declared by a line of Inter like

    socket hypothetical ~~> /ultima/thule

at a position in the text file where /ultima/thule has not yet been defined. This then becomes that most heretical thing, a socket wired to a name:

    socket hypothetical ~~> "/ultima/thule"

...until we correct that heresy here by calling Wiring::make_socket_to. (It was already a socket: but now it's a socket to S_to.)

This is a forward reference wiring7.1 =

    text_stream *N = Wiring::wired_to_name(S);
    inter_symbol *S_to;
    if (Str::get_first_char(N) == '/')
        S_to = InterSymbolsTable::URL_to_symbol(InterPackage::tree(pack), N);
    else
        S_to = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name(T, N);
    if (S_to == NULL)
        InterErrors::issue(InterErrors::quoted(I"unable to locate symbol", N, eloc));
    else if (InterSymbol::is_socket(S))
        Wiring::make_socket_to(S, S_to);
    else
        Wiring::wire_to(S, S_to);

• This code is used in §7.

§8. Writing textual inter. This more or less reverses the above process. Note that we do not write the version pseudo-construct, which would indicate the version number of Inter used; that's a bit of a choice, but in the end it makes testing slightly easier if we don't, because otherwise many test cases would need changing whenever The Inter Version does.

This is a point of difference with binary Inter files, though, which are all required to embed their specification version numbers.

void TextualInter::writer?Usage of TextualInter::writer:
Bytecode Module - §3.3(OUTPUT_STREAM, char *format_string, void *vI) {
    inter_tree *I = (inter_tree *) vI;
    TextualInter::write(OUT, I, NULL);
}

typedef struct textual_write_state {
    struct text_stream *to;
    int (*filter)(inter_tree_node *);
} textual_write_state;

• The structure textual_write_state is private to this section.

§9. If the function filter is provided then we only write those nodes passing the filter test.

void TextualInter::write?Usage of TextualInter::write:
§8(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_tree *I, int (*filter)(inter_tree_node *)) {
    if (I == NULL) { WRITE("<no-inter>\n"); return; }
    textual_write_state tws;
    tws.to = OUT;
    tws.filter = filter;
    InterTree::traverse_root_only(I, TextualInter::visitor, &tws, -PACKAGE_IST);
    InterTree::traverse(I, TextualInter::visitor, &tws, NULL, 0);
}
void TextualInter::write_package(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_tree *I, inter_package *pack) {
    if (I == NULL) { WRITE("<no-inter>\n"); return; }
    textual_write_state tws;
    tws.to = OUT;
    tws.filter = NULL;
    InterTree::traverse(I, TextualInter::visitor, &tws, pack, 0);
}
void TextualInter::visitor(inter_tree *I, inter_tree_node *P, void *state) {
    textual_write_state *tws = (textual_write_state *) state;
    if ((tws->filter) && ((*(tws->filter))(P) == FALSE)) return;
    inter_error_message *E = InterInstruction::write_construct_text(tws->to, P);
    if (E) InterErrors::issue(E);
}

§10. Utility functions for writing construct lines.

void TextualInter::write_symbol?Usage of TextualInter::write_symbol:
§12.13(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_symbol *S) {
    if (Wiring::is_wired(S)) {
        InterSymbolsTable::write_symbol_URL(OUT, Wiring::cable_end(S));
    } else if (S) {
        WRITE("%S", InterSymbol::identifier(S));
    } else {
        WRITE("<invalid-symbol>");
    }
}

void TextualInter::write_symbol_from?Usage of TextualInter::write_symbol_from:
§13
The Instance Construct - §5
The Permission Construct - §5
The PropertyValue Construct - §5
The Typename Construct - §5
The Inv Construct - §8(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_tree_node *P, int field) {
    inter_symbol *S = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_ID_not_following(
        InterPackage::scope_of(P), P->W.instruction[field]);
    TextualInter::write_symbol(OUT, S);
}

§11. Notation for text literals.

void TextualInter::write_text?Usage of TextualInter::write_text:
§12.3, §12.5, §12.7, §12.9, §12.11
Annotations - §14
Text Provenance - §6
The Insert Construct - §5
The Origin Construct - §5
The Pragma Construct - §5
The Splat Construct - §5(OUTPUT_STREAM, text_stream *S) {
    WRITE("\"");
    LOOP_THROUGH_TEXT(P, S) {
        inchar32_t c = Str::get(P);
        if (c == 9) { WRITE("\\t"); continue; }
        if (c == 10) { WRITE("\\n"); continue; }
        if (c == '"') { WRITE("\\\""); continue; }
        if (c == '\\') { WRITE("\\\\"); continue; }
        PUT(c);
    }
    WRITE("\"");
}

inter_error_message *TextualInter::parse_literal_text?Usage of TextualInter::parse_literal_text:
§12.4, §12.6, §12.8, §12.10, §12.12
Annotations - §15
The Insert Construct - §4
The Pragma Construct - §4
The Splat Construct - §4(text_stream *parsed_text,
    text_stream *S, int from, int to, inter_error_location *eloc) {
    inter_error_message *E = NULL;
    int literal_mode = FALSE;
    LOOP_THROUGH_TEXT(pos, S) {
        if ((pos.index < from) || (pos.index > to)) continue;
        inchar32_t c = Str::get(pos);
        if (literal_mode == FALSE) {
            if (c == '\\') { literal_mode = TRUE; continue; }
        } else {
            switch (c) {
                case '\\': break;
                case '"': break;
                case 't': c = 9; break;
                case 'n': c = 10; break;
                default: E = InterErrors::plain(I"no such backslash escape", eloc); break;
            }
        }
        if (TextualInter::char_acceptable(c) == FALSE)
            E = InterErrors::quoted(I"bad character in text", S, eloc);
        PUT_TO(parsed_text, c);
        literal_mode = FALSE;
    }
    if (E) Str::clear(parsed_text);
    return E;
}

int TextualInter::char_acceptable(inchar32_t c) {
    if ((c < 0x20) && (c != 0x09) && (c != 0x0a)) return FALSE;
    return TRUE;
}

§12. Notation for value pairs. See Inter Value Pairs. The printing and parsing functions are shown here in an interleaved form, to keep each notation together. Both have a simple outer structure:

void TextualInter::write_pair?Usage of TextualInter::write_pair:
The Constant Construct - §7
The Instance Construct - §5
The PropertyValue Construct - §5
The Variable Construct - §5
The Ref Construct - §5
The Val Construct - §5(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_tree_node *P, inter_pair pair) {
    inter_tree *I = Inode::tree(P);

         if (InterValuePairs::is_number(pair))         Print numeric literal syntax12.1
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_text(pair))           Print text literal syntax12.3
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_real(pair))           Print real literal syntax12.5
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_singular_dword(pair)) Print singular dword syntax12.7
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_plural_dword(pair))   Print plural dword syntax12.9
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_glob(pair))           Print glob syntax12.11
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_undef(pair))          Print undef syntax12.15
    else if (InterValuePairs::is_symbolic(pair))       Print symbol name syntax12.13
    else WRITE("<invalid-value-type>");
}

inter_error_message *TextualInter::parse_pair?Usage of TextualInter::parse_pair:
The Constant Construct - §6.3, §6.4
The Instance Construct - §4.2
The PropertyValue Construct - §4
The Variable Construct - §4
The Ref Construct - §4
The Val Construct - §4(text_stream *line, inter_error_location *eloc,
    inter_bookmark *IBM, inter_type type_wanted, text_stream *S, inter_pair *pair) {
    inter_symbols_table *scope = InterBookmark::scope(IBM);
    inter_tree *I = InterBookmark::tree(IBM);

    inchar32_t first_char = Str::get_first_char(S);
    inchar32_t last_char = Str::get_last_char(S);
    int is_identifier = FALSE;
    if ((Characters::isalpha(first_char)) || (first_char == '_')) {
        is_identifier = TRUE;
        LOOP_THROUGH_TEXT(pos, S)
            if ((Characters::isalpha(Str::get(pos)) == FALSE) &&
                (Characters::isdigit(Str::get(pos)) == FALSE) &&
                (Str::get(pos) != '_'))
                is_identifier = FALSE;
    }
    int quoted_from = -1, quoted_to = -1;
    if (last_char == '"') {
        for (int i=0; i<Str::len(S); i++)
            if (Str::get_at(S, i) == '"') {
                quoted_from = i+1;
                quoted_to = Str::len(S)-2;
                if (quoted_from > quoted_to+1)
                    return InterErrors::quoted(I"mismatched quotes", S, eloc);
                break;
            }
    }
    if ((Str::get_at(S, 0) == '#') && (Str::get_at(S, 1) == '#')) is_identifier = TRUE;

    Parse numeric literal syntax12.2;
    Parse text literal syntax12.4;
    Parse real literal syntax12.6;
    Parse singular dword syntax12.8;
    Parse plural dword syntax12.10;
    Parse glob syntax12.12;
    Parse symbol name syntax12.14;
    Parse undef syntax12.16;

    return InterErrors::quoted(I"unrecognised value", S, eloc);
}

§12.1. Literal numbers can be parsed in (signed) decimal, (unsigned) hexadecimal or (unsigned) binary, but cannot be printed back in binary.

Print numeric literal syntax12.1 =

    switch (InterValuePairs::to_base(pair)) {
        case 10: WRITE("%d", InterValuePairs::to_number(pair)); break;
        case 2:
        case 16: WRITE("0x%x", InterValuePairs::to_number(pair)); break;
        default: WRITE("???"); break;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.2. Parse numeric literal syntax12.2 =

    inchar32_t c = first_char;
    if ((c == '-') || (Characters::isdigit(c))) {
        int sign = 1, from = 0;
        unsigned int base = 10;
        if (Str::prefix_eq(S, I"-", 1)) { sign = -1; from = 1; }
        if (Str::prefix_eq(S, I"0b", 2)) { base = 2; from = 2; }
        if (Str::prefix_eq(S, I"0x", 2)) { base = 16; from = 2; }
        long long int N = 0;
        LOOP_THROUGH_TEXT(pos, S) {
            if (pos.index < from) continue;
            inchar32_t c = Str::get(pos), d = 0;
            if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z')) d = c-'a'+10;
            else if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z')) d = c-'A'+10;
            else if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9')) d = c-'0';
            else return InterErrors::quoted(I"bad digit", S, eloc);
            if (d > base)
                return InterErrors::quoted(I"bad digit for this number base", S, eloc);
            N = base*N + (long long int) d;
            if (pos.index > 34) return InterErrors::quoted(I"value out of range", S, eloc);
        }
        N = sign*N;
        if (base == 10) {
            if (InterTypes::literal_is_in_range(N, type_wanted) == FALSE)
                return InterErrors::quoted(I"value out of range", S, eloc);
        } else {
            if (InterTypes::unsigned_literal_is_in_range(N, type_wanted) == FALSE)
                return InterErrors::quoted(I"value out of range", S, eloc);
        }
        if (sign == -1) *pair = InterValuePairs::signed_number((int) N);
        else *pair = InterValuePairs::number_in_base((inter_ti) N, base);
        return NULL;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.3. Literal text is written in double quotes: see the functions above for the rules on escape characters inside.

Print text literal syntax12.3 =

    TextualInter::write_text(OUT, InterValuePairs::to_text(I, pair));

• This code is used in §12.

§12.4. Parse text literal syntax12.4 =

    if (quoted_from == 1) {
        TEMPORARY_TEXT(text)
        inter_error_message *E =
            TextualInter::parse_literal_text(text, S, quoted_from, quoted_to, eloc);
        *pair = InterValuePairs::from_text(IBM, text);
        DISCARD_TEXT(text)
        return E;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.5. Real numbers are written thus: r"3.14159".

Print real literal syntax12.5 =

    WRITE("r");
    TextualInter::write_text(OUT, InterValuePairs::to_textual_real(I, pair));

• This code is used in §12.

§12.6. Parse real literal syntax12.6 =

    if ((quoted_from == 2) && (Str::begins_with_wide_string(S, U"r"))) {
        TEMPORARY_TEXT(text)
        inter_error_message *E =
            TextualInter::parse_literal_text(text, S, quoted_from, quoted_to, eloc);
        *pair = InterValuePairs::real_from_I6_notation(IBM, text);
        DISCARD_TEXT(text)
        return E;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.7. Dictionary words are like literal text, but prefaced by dw or dwp. For example, dw"xyzzy" or dwp"fruits".

Print singular dword syntax12.7 =

    WRITE("dw");
    TextualInter::write_text(OUT, InterValuePairs::to_dictionary_word(I, pair));

• This code is used in §12.

§12.8. Parse singular dword syntax12.8 =

    if ((quoted_from == 3) && (Str::begins_with_wide_string(S, U"dw"))) {
        TEMPORARY_TEXT(text)
        inter_error_message *E =
            TextualInter::parse_literal_text(text, S, quoted_from, quoted_to, eloc);
        *pair = InterValuePairs::from_singular_dword(IBM, text);
        DISCARD_TEXT(text)
        return E;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.9. Print plural dword syntax12.9 =

    WRITE("dwp");
    TextualInter::write_text(OUT, InterValuePairs::to_dictionary_word(I, pair));

• This code is used in §12.

§12.10. Parse plural dword syntax12.10 =

    if ((quoted_from == 4) && (Str::begins_with_wide_string(S, U"dwp"))) {
        TEMPORARY_TEXT(text)
        inter_error_message *E =
            TextualInter::parse_literal_text(text, S, quoted_from, quoted_to, eloc);
        *pair = InterValuePairs::from_plural_dword(IBM, text);
        DISCARD_TEXT(text)
        return E;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.11. Globs should never be talked about at all, but if they were, they would be written glob"...", with the same escaping rules as literal text.

Print glob syntax12.11 =

    WRITE("glob");
    TextualInter::write_text(OUT, InterValuePairs::to_glob_text(I, pair));

• This code is used in §12.

§12.12. Parse glob syntax12.12 =

    if ((quoted_from == 5) && (Str::begins_with_wide_string(S, U"glob"))) {
        TEMPORARY_TEXT(text)
        inter_error_message *E =
            TextualInter::parse_literal_text(text, S, quoted_from, quoted_to, eloc);
        *pair = InterValuePairs::glob(IBM, text);
        DISCARD_TEXT(text)
        return E;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.13. Symbol names can either be bare identifiers, in the current package, or can be given as URLs. Note that they are created tentatively if they do not already exist, in order for forward references to be read in by a one-pass assembler such as the one above.

Print symbol name syntax12.13 =

    TextualInter::write_symbol(OUT,
        InterValuePairs::to_symbol_not_following(pair, InterPackage::scope_of(P)));

• This code is used in §12.

§12.14. Parse symbol name syntax12.14 =

    if (first_char == '/') {
        inter_symbol *symb = InterSymbolsTable::wire_to_URL(I, S, InterBookmark::scope(IBM));
        Use this symb as the result12.14.1;
    }
    if (is_identifier) {
        inter_symbol *symb = InterSymbolsTable::symbol_from_name(scope, S);
        if (symb) Use this symb as the result12.14.1;
        symb = InterSymbolsTable::create_with_unique_name(InterBookmark::scope(IBM), S);
        *pair = InterValuePairs::symbolic(IBM, symb);
        InterSymbol::set_flag(symb, SPECULATIVE_ISYMF);
        return NULL;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§12.14.1. Use this symb as the result12.14.1 =

    inter_type symbol_type = InterTypes::of_symbol(symb);
    inter_error_message *E = InterTypes::can_be_used_as(symbol_type, type_wanted, S, eloc);
    if (E) return E;
    *pair = InterValuePairs::symbolic(IBM, symb);
    return NULL;

• This code is used in §12.14 (twice).

§12.15. Note that the undef syntax is not a valid identifier, since it begins !. This choice of character is meant to give it a dangerous aspect.

Print undef syntax12.15 =

    WRITE("!undef");

• This code is used in §12.

§12.16. Parse undef syntax12.16 =

    if (Str::eq(S, I"!undef")) {
        *pair = InterValuePairs::undef();
        return NULL;
    }

• This code is used in §12.

§13. Bracketed type markers. The following prints out the bracketed type markers used in textual Inter, but printing nothing in the case where the type is unchecked and the value is therefore used typelessly.

void TextualInter::write_optional_type_marker?Usage of TextualInter::write_optional_type_marker:
The Constant Construct - §7
The Package Construct - §7
The Property Construct - §5
The Variable Construct - §5
The Local Construct - §5
The Ref Construct - §5
The Val Construct - §5(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_tree_node *P, int field) {
    inter_type type = InterTypes::from_TID_in_field(P, field);
    if (type.type_name) {
        WRITE("("); TextualInter::write_symbol_from(OUT, P, field); WRITE(") ");
    } else if (InterTypes::is_unchecked(type) == FALSE) {
        WRITE("("); InterTypes::write_type(OUT, type); WRITE(") ");
    }
}

void TextualInter::write_compulsory_type_marker?Usage of TextualInter::write_compulsory_type_marker:
The Cast Construct - §5(OUTPUT_STREAM, inter_tree_node *P, int field) {
    inter_type type = InterTypes::from_TID_in_field(P, field);
    if (type.type_name) {
        TextualInter::write_symbol_from(OUT, P, field);
    } else if (InterTypes::is_unchecked(type) == FALSE) {
        InterTypes::write_type(OUT, type);
    }
}