To read in structural definitions of natural language written in the meta-language Preform.

• §1. Reading Preform syntax from a file or text
• §5. Reserved words in Preform
• §7. Parsing Preform
• §8. Production lists
• §11. Productions and ptokens
• §14. Reading productions

§1. Reading Preform syntax from a file or text. The parser reads source text against a specific language only, if primary_Preform_language is set; or, if it isn't, from any language.

default NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE void

NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *primary_Preform_language = NULL;

int LoadPreform::load(filename *F, NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *L) {
    primary_Preform_language = L;
    wording W = LoadPreform::feed_from_Preform_file(F);
    if (Wordings::empty(W)) return 0;
    return LoadPreform::parse(W, L);
}

§2. We simply feed the lines one at a time. Preform is parsed with the same lexer as is used for Inform itself, but using the following set of characters as word-breaking punctuation marks:

define PREFORM_PUNCTUATION_MARKS U"{}[]_^?&\\"

wording LoadPreform::feed_from_Preform_file?Usage of LoadPreform::feed_from_Preform_file:
§1(filename *F) {
    feed_t id = Feeds::begin();
    if (TextFiles::read(F, FALSE,
        NULL, FALSE, LoadPreform::load_helper, NULL, NULL) == FALSE)
        return EMPTY_WORDING;
    return Feeds::end(id);
}

void LoadPreform::load_helper(text_stream *item_name, text_file_position *tfp,
    void *unused_state) {
    WRITE_TO(item_name, "\n");
    Feeds::feed_text_punctuated(item_name, PREFORM_PUNCTUATION_MARKS);
}

§3. It is also possible to load additional Preform declarations from source text in Inform, and when that happens, the following is called:

int LoadPreform::parse_text(text_stream *wd) {
    wording W = Feeds::feed_text_punctuated(wd, PREFORM_PUNCTUATION_MARKS);
    return LoadPreform::parse(W, primary_Preform_language);
}

§4. Either way, then, all that remains is to write LoadPreform::parse. But before we can get to that, we have to create the...

§5. Reserved words in Preform. The ideal tool with which to parse Preform definitions would be Preform, but then how would we define the grammar required? So we will have to do this by hand, and in particular, we have to define Preform's syntactic punctuation marks explicitly. These are, in effect, the reserved words of the Preform notational language. (Note the absence of the ==> marker: that's stripped out by inweb and never reaches the Syntax.preform file.)

The bare letters K and L are snuck in here for convenience. They aren't actually used by anything in words, but are used for kind variables in kinds.

vocabulary_entry *AMPERSAND_V;
vocabulary_entry *BACKSLASH_V;
vocabulary_entry *CARET_V;
vocabulary_entry *COLONCOLONEQUALS_V;
vocabulary_entry *QUESTIONMARK_V;
vocabulary_entry *QUOTEQUOTE_V;
vocabulary_entry *SIXDOTS_V;
vocabulary_entry *THREEASTERISKS_V;
vocabulary_entry *THREEDOTS_V;
vocabulary_entry *THREEHASHES_V;
vocabulary_entry *UNDERSCORE_V;
vocabulary_entry *language_V;
vocabulary_entry *internal_V;

vocabulary_entry *CAPITAL_K_V;
vocabulary_entry *CAPITAL_L_V;

§6.

void LoadPreform::create_punctuation?Usage of LoadPreform::create_punctuation:
Words Module - §3(void) {
    AMPERSAND_V        = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"&");
    BACKSLASH_V        = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"\\");
    CARET_V            = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"^");
    COLONCOLONEQUALS_V = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U":" ":=");
    QUESTIONMARK_V     = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"?");
    QUOTEQUOTE_V       = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"\"\"");
    SIXDOTS_V          = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"......");
    THREEASTERISKS_V   = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"***");
    THREEDOTS_V        = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"...");
    THREEHASHES_V      = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"###");
    UNDERSCORE_V       = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"_");
    language_V         = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"language");
    internal_V         = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"internal");

    CAPITAL_K_V        = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"k");
    CAPITAL_L_V        = Vocabulary::entry_for_text(U"l");
}

§7. Parsing Preform. The syntax of the Syntax.preform is, fortunately, very simple. At any given time, we are parsing definitions for a given natural language L: for example, English.

Note that Preform can contain comments in square brackets; but that the Lexer has already removed any such.

int LoadPreform::parse?Usage of LoadPreform::parse:
§1, §3(wording W, NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *L) {
    NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *current_natural_language = L;
    int declarations = 0;
    LOOP_THROUGH_WORDING(wn, W) {
        if (Lexer::word(wn) == PARBREAK_V) continue;
        if ((Wordings::last_wn(W) >= wn+1) && (Lexer::word(wn) == language_V))
            Parse a definition language switch7.1
        else if ((Wordings::last_wn(W) >= wn+1) && (Lexer::word(wn+1) == internal_V))
            Parse an internal nonterminal declaration7.2
        else if ((Wordings::last_wn(W) >= wn+2) && (Lexer::word(wn+1) == COLONCOLONEQUALS_V))
            Parse a regular nonterminal declaration7.3
        else PreformUtilities::production_error(NULL, NULL,
            "syntax error in Preform declarations");
    }
    Optimiser::optimise_counts();
    return declarations;
}

§7.1. We either switch to an existing natural language, or create a new one.

Parse a definition language switch7.1 =

    TEMPORARY_TEXT(lname)
    WRITE_TO(lname, "%W", Wordings::one_word(wn+1));
    NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *nl = NULL;
    #ifdef PREFORM_LANGUAGE_FROM_NAME_WORDS_CALLBACK
    nl = PREFORM_LANGUAGE_FROM_NAME_WORDS_CALLBACK(lname);
    #endif
    if (nl == NULL) {
        LOG("Missing: %S\n", lname);
        PreformUtilities::production_error(NULL, NULL,
            "tried to define for missing language");
    }
    DISCARD_TEXT(lname)
    current_natural_language = nl;
    wn++;

• This code is used in §7.

§7.2. Internal declarations appear as single lines in Syntax.preform.

Parse an internal nonterminal declaration7.2 =

    nonterminal *nt = Nonterminals::find(Lexer::word(wn));
    if (nt->first_pl)
        PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, NULL,
            "nonterminal internal in one definition and regular in another");
    nt->marked_internal = TRUE;
    wn++;
    declarations++;

• This code is used in §7.

§7.3. Regular declarations are much longer and continue until the end of the text, or until we reach a paragraph break. The body of such a declaration is a list of productions divided by stroke symbols.

Note that an empty production is not recorded: e.g., if there are two consecutive strokes, the gap between them will not be considered as a production, and the second stroke will simply be ignored. I suppose this is arguably a syntax error and could be rejected as such, but it does no harm.

Parse a regular nonterminal declaration7.3 =

    nonterminal *nt = Nonterminals::find(Lexer::word(wn));
    if (nt->marked_internal)
        PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, NULL,
            "nonterminal internal in one definition and regular in another");
    production_list *pl = LoadPreform::find_list_for_language(nt, current_natural_language);
    wn += 2;  advance past the ID word and the ::= word
    int pc = 0;
    while (TRUE) {
        int x = wn;
        while ((x <= Wordings::last_wn(W)) && (Lexer::word(x) != STROKE_V) &&
            (Lexer::word(x) != PARBREAK_V)) x++;
        if (wn < x) {
            wording PW = Wordings::new(wn, x-1); wn = x;
            LoadPreform::add_production(LoadPreform::new_production(PW, nt, pc++), pl);
        }
        if ((wn > Wordings::last_wn(W)) || (Lexer::word(x) == PARBREAK_V)) break;  reached end
        wn++;  advance past the stroke and continue
    }
    wn--;
    declarations++;

• This code is used in §7.

§8. Production lists. Regular nonterminals are defined by a list of alternative possibilities divided by vertical stroke characters; these are called "productions", for reasons going back to computer science history.

However, the same nonterminal can have multiple lists, one for each language where it's defined: for example, <competitor> could have one English and one French definition both in memory at the same time. Each would be an independent production_list object.

typedef struct production_list {
    NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *definition_language;
    struct production_list *next_pl;  in the list of PLs for a NT
    struct production *first_pr;  start of linked list of productions
    struct match_avinue *as_avinue;  when compiled to a trie rather than for Preform
    CLASS_DEFINITION
} production_list;

• The structure production_list is accessed in 4/to, 4/le, 4/ni, 4/prf, 4/ins, 4/pu and here.

§9.

production_list *LoadPreform::find_list_for_language?Usage of LoadPreform::find_list_for_language:
§7.3(nonterminal *nt,
    NATURAL_LANGUAGE_WORDS_TYPE *L) {
    production_list *pl;
    for (pl = nt->first_pl; pl; pl = pl->next_pl)
        if (pl->definition_language == L)
            break;
    if (pl == NULL) {
        pl = CREATE(production_list);
        pl->definition_language = L;
        pl->first_pr = NULL;
        pl->as_avinue = NULL;
        Place the new production list within the nonterminal9.1;
    }
    return pl;
}

§9.1. Place the new production list within the nonterminal9.1 =

    if (nt->first_pl == NULL) nt->first_pl = pl;
    else {
        production_list *p = nt->first_pl;
        while ((p) && (p->next_pl)) p = p->next_pl;
        p->next_pl = pl;
    }

• This code is used in §9.

§10. It is undeniably clumsy that the linked list of PLs, and also of productions within each PL, is managed by hand rather than by using foundation. But speed is critical when parsing Inform text from these productions, and we want to minimise overhead.

void LoadPreform::add_production?Usage of LoadPreform::add_production:
§7.3(production *pr, production_list *pl) {
    if (pl->first_pr == NULL) pl->first_pr = pr;
    else {
        production *p = pl->first_pr;
        while ((p) && (p->next_pr)) p = p->next_pr;
        p->next_pr = pr;
    }
}

§11. Productions and ptokens. So now we reach the production, which encodes a typical "row" of grammar: for example,

    runner no <cardinal-number>

is a production. This is implemented as still another list, of "ptokens" (the "p" is silent): that example has three ptokens. Note that the stroke sign and the defined-by sign are not ptokens; they divide up productions, but aren't part of them.

The Optimiser calculates data on productions just as it does on nonterminals. For example, it can see that the above can only match a text if it has exactly 3 words, so it sets both pr_extremes.min_words and pr_extremes.max_words to 3. For the meaning of the remaining data, and for what "struts" are, see The Optimiser: it only confuses the picture here.

define MAX_STRUTS_PER_PRODUCTION 10

typedef struct production {
    struct ptoken *first_pt;  the linked list of ptokens
    int match_number;  0 for /a/, 1 for /b/ and so on: see About Preform

    int no_ranges;  actually one more, since range 0 is reserved

    struct production_optimisation_data opt;  see The Optimiser
    struct production_instrumentation_data ins;  see Instrumentation

    struct production *next_pr;  within its production list
    CLASS_DEFINITION
} production;

• The structure production is accessed in 4/nnt, 4/to, 4/le, 4/ni, 4/prf, 4/ins, 4/pu and here.

§12. And at the bottom of God's great chain, the lowly ptoken. Even this can spawn another list, though: the token fried/green/tomatoes is a list of three ptokens joined by the alternative_ptoken links.

There are really only three kinds of ptoken, wildcards, fixed words, and nonterminals, but it's fractionally quicker to differentiate the sorts of wildcard here, so we'll actually divide them into five. The remaining wildcard, the ...... form of ..., is represented as MULTIPLE_WILDCARD_PTC but with the balanced_wildcard flag set.

define SINGLE_WILDCARD_PTC 1
define MULTIPLE_WILDCARD_PTC 2
define POSSIBLY_EMPTY_WILDCARD_PTC 3
define FIXED_WORD_PTC 4
define NONTERMINAL_PTC 5

typedef struct ptoken {
     How to parse text against this ptoken
    int ptoken_category;  one of the *_PTC values
    int balanced_wildcard;  for MULTIPLE_WILDCARD_PTC ptokens: brackets balanced?
    int negated_ptoken;  the ^ modifier applies
    int disallow_unexpected_upper;  the _ modifier applies
    struct nonterminal *nt_pt;  for NONTERMINAL_PTC ptokens
    struct vocabulary_entry *ve_pt;  for FIXED_WORD_PTC ptokens
    struct ptoken *alternative_ptoken;  linked list of other vocabulary ptokens

     What results from a successful match against this ptoken
    int result_index;  for NONTERMINAL_PTC ptokens: what result number, counting from 1?
    int range_starts;  1, 2, 3, ... if word range 1, 2, 3, ... starts with this
    int range_ends;  1, 2, 3, ... if word range 1, 2, 3, ... ends with this

    struct ptoken_optimisation_data opt;  see The Optimiser
    struct ptoken_instrumentation_data ins;  see Instrumentation

    struct ptoken *next_pt;  within its production list
    CLASS_DEFINITION
} ptoken;

• The structure ptoken is accessed in 4/nnt, 4/to, 4/le, 4/ni, 4/prf, 4/ins, 4/pu and here.

§13. Each ptoken has a range_starts and range_ends number. This is either -1, or marks that the ptoken occurs as the first or last in a range (or both). For example, in the production

    make ... from {rice ... onions} and peppers

the first ... ptoken has start and end set to 1; rice has start 2; onions has end 2. Note that the second ..., inside the braces, doesn't start or end anything; it normally would, but the wider range consumes it.

§14. Reading productions. We read the wording W of a production for the nonterminal nt, with pc or "production count" being 0 for the first one defined, 1 for the second, and so on.

production *LoadPreform::new_production?Usage of LoadPreform::new_production:
§7.3(wording W, nonterminal *nt, int pc) {
    production *pr = CREATE(production);
    pr->match_number = pc;  "production count": 0 for first in defn, and so on
    pr->next_pr = NULL;

    pr->no_ranges = 1;  so that they count from 1; range 0 is unused

    Optimiser::initialise_production_data(&(pr->opt));
    Instrumentation::initialise_production_data(&(pr->ins));

    ptoken *head = NULL, *tail = NULL;
    Parse the row of production tokens into a linked list of ptokens14.1;
    pr->first_pt = head;
    return pr;
}

§14.1. So, then, we have to turn a wording like:

    make ... from {rice ... onions/shallots} and peppers

into a sequence of ptokens, setting head to the first and tail to the last. This particular example will produce two word ranges: one for the initial ..., one for the matter in the braces. Because of that, we need to keep track of whether we're in braces or not. (Braces cannot be nested.)

The alternative onions/shallots is called a "slashed chain" in the code below.

define OUTSIDE_PTBRACE 0
define ABOUT_TO_OPEN_PTBRACE 1
define INSIDE_PTBRACE 2

Parse the row of production tokens into a linked list of ptokens14.1 =

    int result_count = 1;
    int negation_modifier = FALSE, lower_case_modifier = FALSE;
    int unescaped = TRUE;
    int bracing_mode = OUTSIDE_PTBRACE;
    ptoken *bracing_begins_at = NULL;
    int token_count = 0;
    LOOP_THROUGH_WORDING(i, W) {
        if (unescaped) Parse the token modifier symbols14.1.1;

        ptoken *pt = LoadPreform::parse_slashed_chain(nt, pr, i, unescaped);
        if (pt) {
            if (pt->ptoken_category == NONTERMINAL_PTC) Assign a result number14.1.3;
            Modify the new ptoken according to the current modifier settings14.1.2;
            Add the new ptoken to the production14.1.4;
        }
    }

• This code is used in §14.

§14.1.1. Parse the token modifier symbols14.1.1 =

    if (Lexer::word(i) == CARET_V) { negation_modifier = TRUE; continue; }
    if (Lexer::word(i) == UNDERSCORE_V) { lower_case_modifier = TRUE; continue; }
    if (Lexer::word(i) == BACKSLASH_V) { unescaped = FALSE; continue; }
    switch (bracing_mode) {
        case OUTSIDE_PTBRACE:
            if (Lexer::word(i) == OPENBRACE_V) {
                bracing_mode = ABOUT_TO_OPEN_PTBRACE; continue;
            }
            break;
        case INSIDE_PTBRACE:
            if (Lexer::word(i) == CLOSEBRACE_V) {
                if (bracing_begins_at) Set a word range to end here14.1.1.1;
                bracing_mode = OUTSIDE_PTBRACE; bracing_begins_at = NULL; continue;
            }
            break;
    }

• This code is used in §14.1.

§14.1.1.1. A bracing can be followed by ? N to make it have the number N, rather than the next number counting upwards; see About Preform.

Set a word range to end here14.1.1.1 =

    int rnum = pr->no_ranges++;
    if ((i+2 <= Wordings::last_wn(W)) && (Lexer::word(i+1) == QUESTIONMARK_V) &&
        (Vocabulary::test_flags(i+2, NUMBER_MC))) {
        rnum = Vocabulary::get_literal_number_value(Lexer::word(i+2));
        i += 2;
    }
    if ((rnum < 1) || (rnum >= MAX_RANGES_PER_PRODUCTION)) {
        PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, pr,
            "range number out of range");
        rnum = 1;
    }
    bracing_begins_at->range_starts = rnum;
    tail->range_ends = rnum;

• This code is used in §14.1.1.

§14.1.2. Modify the new ptoken according to the current modifier settings14.1.2 =

    if (negation_modifier) pt->negated_ptoken = TRUE;
    if (lower_case_modifier) pt->disallow_unexpected_upper = TRUE;

    unescaped = TRUE;
    negation_modifier = FALSE;
    lower_case_modifier = FALSE;

    switch (bracing_mode) {
        case OUTSIDE_PTBRACE:
            if ((pt->ptoken_category == SINGLE_WILDCARD_PTC) ||
                (pt->ptoken_category == MULTIPLE_WILDCARD_PTC) ||
                (pt->ptoken_category == POSSIBLY_EMPTY_WILDCARD_PTC)) {
                int rnum = pr->no_ranges++;
                if ((rnum < 1) || (rnum >= MAX_RANGES_PER_PRODUCTION)) {
                    PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, pr,
                        "range number out of range");
                    rnum = 1;
                }
                pt->range_starts = rnum;
                pt->range_ends = rnum;
            }
            break;
        case ABOUT_TO_OPEN_PTBRACE:
            bracing_begins_at = pt;
            bracing_mode = INSIDE_PTBRACE;
            break;
    }

• This code is used in §14.1.

§14.1.3. A nonterminal can be followed by ? N to make it have result number N, rather than the next number counting upwards; see About Preform.

Assign a result number14.1.3 =

    if (result_count < MAX_RESULTS_PER_PRODUCTION) {
        if ((i+2 <= Wordings::last_wn(W)) && (Lexer::word(i+1) == QUESTIONMARK_V) &&
            (Vocabulary::test_flags(i+2, NUMBER_MC))) {
            pt->result_index = Vocabulary::get_literal_number_value(Lexer::word(i+2));
            if ((pt->result_index < 0) ||
                (pt->result_index >= MAX_RESULTS_PER_PRODUCTION)) {
                PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, pr,
                    "result number out of range");
                pt->result_index = 1;
            }
            i += 2;
        } else {
            pt->result_index = result_count;
        }
        result_count++;
    } else {
        PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, pr,
            "too many nonterminals for one production to hold");
    }

• This code is used in §14.1.

§14.1.4. Add the new ptoken to the production14.1.4 =

    if (token_count++ < MAX_PTOKENS_PER_PRODUCTION) {
        if (head == NULL) head = pt; else tail->next_pt = pt;
        tail = pt;
    } else {
        PreformUtilities::production_error(nt, pr,
            "too many tokens on production for nonterminal");
    }

• This code is used in §14.1.

§15. Here we parse what is, to the Lexer, a single word (at word number wn), but which might actually be a row of possibilities divided by slashes: for example, onions/shallots.

ptoken *LoadPreform::parse_slashed_chain?Usage of LoadPreform::parse_slashed_chain:
§14.1(nonterminal *nt, production *pr, int wn,
    int unescaped) {
    wording AW = Wordings::one_word(wn);
    Expand the word range if the token text is slashed15.1;
    ptoken *pt = NULL;
    Parse the word range into a linked list of alternative ptokens15.2;
    return pt;
}

§15.1. Should we detect a slash used to indicate alternatives, we have to ask the Lexer to have another try, but with / as a word-breaking character this time. So, for example, AW might then end up as onions, /, shallots.

Expand the word range if the token text is slashed15.1 =

    inchar32_t *p = Lexer::word_raw_text(wn);
    int k, breakme = FALSE;
    if (unescaped) {
        Look out for production match numbers15.1.1;
        for (k=0; (p[k]) && (p[k+1]); k++)
            if ((k > 0) && (p[k] == '/'))
                breakme = TRUE;
    }
    if (breakme) AW = Feeds::feed_C_string_full(p, FALSE, U"/", FALSE);  break only at slashes

• This code is used in §15.

§15.1.1. Intercept /a/ to /z/ and /aa/ to /zz/, which don't make ptokens at all, but simply change the production's match number.

Look out for production match numbers15.1.1 =

    if ((p[0] == '/') && (Characters::islower(p[1])) &&
        (p[2] == '/') && (p[3] == 0)) {
        pr->match_number = (int) (p[1] - 'a');
        return NULL;  i.e., contribute no token
    }
    if ((p[0] == '/') && (Characters::islower(p[1])) && (p[2] == p[1]) &&
        (p[3] == '/') && (p[4] == 0)) {
        pr->match_number = (int) (p[1] - 'a' + 26);
        return NULL;  i.e., contribute no token
    }

• This code is used in §15.1.

§15.2. And then we string together the ptokens made into a linked list with links provided by ->alternative_ptoken, and return the head of this list.

Parse the word range into a linked list of alternative ptokens15.2 =

    ptoken *alt = NULL;
    for (; Wordings::nonempty(AW); AW = Wordings::trim_first_word(AW))
        if (Lexer::word(Wordings::first_wn(AW)) != FORWARDSLASH_V) {
            int mode = unescaped;
            if (Wordings::length(AW) > 1) mode = FALSE;
            ptoken *latest =
                LoadPreform::new_ptoken(Lexer::word(Wordings::first_wn(AW)),
                    mode, nt, pr->match_number);
            if (alt == NULL) pt = latest;  thus making pt the head
            else alt->alternative_ptoken = latest;
            alt = latest;
        }

• This code is used in §15.

§16. Finally, then, the bottom-most function here parses what is definitely a single word into what will definitely be a single ptoken.

In "escaped" mode, where a backslash has made the text literal, it just becomes a fixed word; otherwise it could be any of the five categories.

ptoken *LoadPreform::new_ptoken?Usage of LoadPreform::new_ptoken:
§15.2(vocabulary_entry *ve, int unescaped, nonterminal *nt, int pc) {
    ptoken *pt = CREATE(ptoken);
    Begin with a blank ptoken16.1;

    inchar32_t *p = Vocabulary::get_exemplar(ve, FALSE);
    if ((unescaped) && (p) && (p[0] == '<') && (p[Wide::len(p)-1] == '>'))
        This word is a nonterminal name16.2
    else
        This word is not a nonterminal name16.3;
    return pt;
}

§16.1. Begin with a blank ptoken16.1 =

    pt->next_pt = NULL;

    pt->ptoken_category = FIXED_WORD_PTC;
    pt->balanced_wildcard = FALSE;
    pt->negated_ptoken = FALSE;
    pt->disallow_unexpected_upper = FALSE;
    pt->ve_pt = NULL;
    pt->nt_pt = NULL;
    pt->alternative_ptoken = NULL;

    pt->result_index = 1;
    pt->range_starts = -1; pt->range_ends = -1;

    Optimiser::initialise_ptoken_data(&(pt->opt));
    Instrumentation::initialise_ptoken_data(&(pt->ins));

• This code is used in §16.

§16.2. If the text refers to a nonterminal which doesn't yet exist, then this creates it; that's how we deal with forward references. Nonterminals::find never returns NULL.

This word is a nonterminal name16.2 =

    pt->nt_pt = Nonterminals::find(ve);
    pt->ptoken_category = NONTERMINAL_PTC;

• This code is used in §16.

§16.3. This word is not a nonterminal name16.3 =

    pt->ve_pt = ve;
    if (unescaped) {
        if (ve == SIXDOTS_V) {
            pt->ptoken_category = MULTIPLE_WILDCARD_PTC;
            pt->balanced_wildcard = TRUE;
        }
        if (ve == THREEDOTS_V) pt->ptoken_category = MULTIPLE_WILDCARD_PTC;
        if (ve == THREEHASHES_V) pt->ptoken_category = SINGLE_WILDCARD_PTC;
        if (ve == THREEASTERISKS_V) pt->ptoken_category = POSSIBLY_EMPTY_WILDCARD_PTC;
    }
    if (pt->ptoken_category == FIXED_WORD_PTC) Nonterminals::note_word(ve, nt, pc);

• This code is used in §16.